Compiled from the following sources:
Special biographic research
Wen Wei Publishing Company, Ltd. 2002-2006
Who's Who, Current Chinese Leaders
Wen Wei Publishing Company, Ltd. 2003-2005
Zhongguo Gongchandang Lijie Zhongyang Weiyuan Dacidian, 1921-2003
Beijing: Zhonggong dangshi chubanshe 2004
XINHUA Online (China View)
Revision History:
Biography Revised: 11/2/2010
Career Data Updated: 11/2/2010
Member of the 17th CPC Central Committee; Deputy Director of the 11th NPC Internal and Judicial Affairs Committee